Technology Digests / Survey of Gasket and Seal Research

TD25-026

February 9, 2026
Authors
  • Yi Wang
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Key Findings

  • Railway brake systems rely on elastomeric gaskets and seals that are typically made of a rubber blend.
  • Elastomer properties and performance at extreme temperatures differ by blend and manufacturing, both of which can have significant cost implications.
  • Both elevated and low temperatures can contribute to crack formation and growth.
  • Both tension/compression reversal at high frequency or strain rate and exposure to oxygen and ultraviolet (UV) radiation accelerate the aging of elastomers and reduce their service life.
  • A better understanding of material properties and service conditions will lead to better prediction of elastomer fatigue life.
  • Ambiguities in current industry standards should be addressed.

Survey of Gasket and Seal Research

Under the Association of American Railroads (AAR) Strategic Research Initiative (SRI) program, MxV Rail conducted a survey of the available literature on recent material science advances relevant to elastomers and their use as seals or gaskets in railway brake systems. The general findings from these publications are distilled in this Technology Digest with the goal of 1) informing readers of the basic concepts of gasket and seal materials and the factors affecting the performance of these materials, and 2) providing insights and references for further investigations into possible future brake system innovations. Background And Motivation Rubber gaskets and seals, such as those inside control valves and fittings between pipes and hoses, are common components in railway brake systems. These gaskets and seals enable essential functions of the brake system and have unique service life and maintenance considerations. Gasket and seal performance issues often become more obvious in extreme cold. Issues…